Large tortoiseshell
Nymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758)
Status not recordedbutterflies and moths
The large tortoiseshell (Nymphalis polychloros) is a species in the family Nymphalidae, order Lepidoptera.
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Quick facts about the large tortoiseshell
- Weight
- Not recorded
- Length
- Not recorded
- Wingspan
- 5.6 cm – 6.8 cm
- Lifespan
- Not recorded
- Diet
- Scavenger
- Main food
- flowers
- Habitat
- forest, human_modified, shrubland
- Young per litter or clutch
- Not recorded
- Active
- By day (diurnal)
- On the wing
- January, March to September
- Generations a year
- One
- Larval food plants
- Rosaceae family
- Conservation status
- Not recorded
- Countries on record
- Not recorded
How big is the large tortoiseshell?
Where does the large tortoiseshell live?
Not recorded
Is the large tortoiseshell endangered?
No conservation assessment is recorded for this species in our sources. That is not the same as being safe: it has not been matched to an assessment.
How is the large tortoiseshell classified?
- kingdomAnimalia
- phylumArthropoda
- classInsecta
- orderLepidoptera
- familyNymphalidae
- genusNymphalis
- SpeciesNymphalis polychloros (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms Aglais polychloros, Eugonia pallida, Eugonia polychloros, Eugonia quinquepunctata, Nymphalis binaria, Nymphalis concolor, Nymphalis flavomaculata, Nymphalis longipuncta, Nymphalis magnipuncta, Nymphalis nubilata, Nymphalis parvipuncta, Nymphalis polychloros polychloros, Nymphalis polychloros pulchior, Nymphalis postnigrescens, Nymphalis vigens, Papilio polychloros, Vanessa cassabiensis, Vanessa circumpunctata, Vanessa dixeyi, Vanessa erythromelas, Vanessa extincta, Vanessa extrema, Vanessa nigroflava, Vanessa orichalcea, Vanessa polychloros, Vanessa polychloros pulchior, Vanessa punctata, Vanessa pyromelas, Vanessa pyrrhomelaena, Vanessa supinskia, Vanessa testudo, Vanessa xanthochloros
Other names and names in other languages (44)
- Blackleg tortoiseshellEnglish
- أبو الوشي الغيلميArabic
- МнагакветніцаBelarusian
- Обикновена многоцветницаBulgarian
- Nimfa dormentCatalan
- babočka jilmováCzech
- Trilliw MawrWelsh
- Stor rævDanish
- Großer FuchsGerman
- OlmeraSpanish
- Kollatähn-pajuliblikadEstonian
- kirsikkaperhonenFinnish
- doréFrench
- נימפית מגוונתHebrew
- Velika riđaCroatian
- Wjazowy kadźencUpper Sorbian
- nagy rókalepkeHungarian
- Vanessa policloraItalian
- ヨーロッパヒオドシチョウJapanese
- Grousse FoxLuxembourgish
- Daugiaspalvė pleštekėLithuanian
- Augļkoku raibenisLatvian
- kirsebærsommerfuglNorwegian Bokmål
- Grote vosDutch
- kirsebærsommarfuglNorwegian Nynorsk
- rusałka wierzbowiecPolish
- PoliclorosPortuguese
- МногоцветницаRussian
- babôčka brestováSlovak
- veliki lepotecSlovenian
- körsbärsfuksSwedish
- Karaağaç NimfalisiTurkish
- Сонцевик рябийUkrainian
- صدفة السلحفاة الكبيرةArabic
- صدفة السلحفاة سوداء الساقArabic
- Trilliwiau MawrWelsh
- KirsebærtakvingeDanish
- grand-renardFrench
- Grande tortueFrench
- vanesse de l'ormeFrench
- Smeđonoga riđaCroatian
- Vanessa multicoloreItalian
- Vanessa variegataItalian
- Бараниця грушеваUkrainian
Relatives of the large tortoiseshell
Other species in the same genus Nymphalis.

Mourning cloak
Nymphalis antiopa
Scarce tortoiseshell
Nymphalis xanthomelas
California tortoiseshell
Nymphalis californica
CompareLarge tortoiseshell vs Mourning cloakLarge tortoiseshell vs Scarce tortoiseshellLarge tortoiseshell vs California tortoiseshellLarge tortoiseshell vs Nymphalis comma
Common questions
Answered only where our data holds the answer.
How big is the large tortoiseshell?
An adult large tortoiseshell has a wingspan of 5.6 cm – 6.8 cm, according to values recorded on Wikidata.
What does the large tortoiseshell eat?
Its recorded main food is flowers.
What kind of animal is the large tortoiseshell?
The large tortoiseshell (Nymphalis polychloros) belongs to the family Nymphalidae in the order Lepidoptera.
Sources and how to cite this page
Data as of 2026-11-11. How this page is put together.
- An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles · CC0 1.0 · E096-269
Myhrvold, N.P., Baldridge, E., Chan, B., Sivam, D., Freeman, D.L. & Ernest, S.K.M. (2015) An amniote life-history database to perform comparative analyses with birds, mammals, and reptiles. Ecology 96: 3109. https://doi.org/10.1890/15-0846R.1. Data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3563457.v1 - AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits · CC BY 4.0 · v1
Oliveira, B.F., São-Pedro, V.A., Santos-Barrera, G., Penone, C. & Costa, G.C. (2017) AmphiBIO, a global database for amphibian ecological traits. Scientific Data 4: 170123. https://doi.org/10.1038/sdata.2017.123. Data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.4644424.v5 - AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds · CC BY 4.0 · v7
Tobias, J.A. et al. (2022) AVONET: morphological, ecological and geographical data for all birds. Ecology Letters 25: 581–597. https://doi.org/10.1111/ele.13898. Data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.16586228.v7 - Catalogue of Life eXtended Release · CC BY 4.0 · 2026-10-16 XR
Catalogue of Life (2026). Catalogue of Life eXtended Release, version 2026-10-16 XR. Catalogue of Life Foundation, Amsterdam, Netherlands. https://doi.org/10.48580/dgzlf - Wikimedia Commons · per file (CC0 / public domain / CC BY green, CC BY-SA amber, anything else not displayed) · 2026-11-11
Wikimedia Commons contributors. Wikimedia Commons. https://commons.wikimedia.org (each file credited to its author under its own licence). - EltonTraits 1.0: species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals · CC0 1.0 · 1.0
Wilman, H., Belmaker, J., Simpson, J., de la Rosa, C., Rivadeneira, M.M. & Jetz, W. (2014) EltonTraits 1.0: Species-level foraging attributes of the world's birds and mammals. Ecology 95: 2027. https://doi.org/10.1890/13-1917.1. Data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.3559887.v1 - LepTraits 1.0: a globally comprehensive dataset of butterfly traits · CC0 1.0 · 1.0
Shirey, V., Larsen, E., Doherty, A. et al. (2022) LepTraits 1.0: a globally comprehensive dataset of butterfly traits. Scientific Data 9: 382. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01473-5. Data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.19874602.v1 - Northwestern European arthropod life histories and ecological traits (raw datasets) · CC BY 4.0 · 2024-12-17
Logghe, G., Batsleer, F., Maes, D. et al. (2025) An in-depth dataset of northwestern European arthropod life histories and ecological traits. Biodiversity Data Journal 13: e146785. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.13.e146785. Data: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13379714 - ReptTraits: a comprehensive dataset of ecological traits in reptiles · CC BY 4.0 · v1-2
Oskyrko, O., Mi, C., Meiri, S. et al. (2024) ReptTraits: a comprehensive dataset of ecological traits in reptiles. Scientific Data 11: 243. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-024-03079-5. Data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.24572683.v4 - Sharkipedia: a curated open access database of shark and ray life history traits · CC BY 4.0 · 1.0-2022-06-17
Mull, C.G., Pacoureau, N., Pardo, S.A. et al. (2022) Sharkipedia: a curated open access database of shark and ray life history traits and abundance time-series. Scientific Data 9: 559. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01655-1. Data: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6656525 - SquamBase 1.0 - a dataset of squamate species traits · CC0 1.0 · 1.0-dryad-v5
Meiri, S. (2024) SquamBase - a database of squamate (Reptilia: Squamata) traits. Global Ecology and Biogeography 33(4): e13812. https://doi.org/10.1111/geb.13812. Data: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.76hdr7t3b - TraitCH: a multi-taxa functional trait dataset for Switzerland and Europe · CC BY 4.0 · 2.0
Chauvier, Y., Adde, A., Bergamini, A. et al. (2025) TraitCH: a multi-taxa functional trait dataset for Switzerland and Europe. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15063844 - Wikidata · CC0 1.0 · 2026-11-11
Wikidata contributors. Wikidata. https://www.wikidata.org (data retrieved via the Wikidata Query Service). - Wikipedia (English) · CC BY-SA 4.0 · 2026-11-11
Wikipedia contributors. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. https://en.wikipedia.org (text under CC BY-SA 4.0; each block names its article and revision).
Embed a card for this animal on your own site
Copy this code. The card shows the photo with its credit, key facts and a link back to this page.
CreatureData. (2026). Large tortoiseshell (Nymphalis polychloros). Retrieved from https://creaturedata.com/animals/large-tortoiseshell
“Large tortoiseshell (Nymphalis polychloros).” CreatureData, 2026, https://creaturedata.com/animals/large-tortoiseshell.
@misc{large_tortoiseshell_2026,
title = {Large tortoiseshell (Nymphalis polychloros)},
author = {{CreatureData}},
year = {2026},
url = {https://creaturedata.com/animals/large-tortoiseshell},
note = {Data as of 2026-11-11}
}