CreatureData

Trocaz pigeon

Columba trocaz Heineken, 1829

LCLeast ConcernbirdsExtinct

The trocaz pigeon (Columba trocaz) is a species in the family Columbidae, order Columbiformes. Recorded adults weigh 440 g to 470 g. Its IUCN Red List status is Least Concern.

Trocaz pigeon (Columba trocaz)
Photo: Samuel Persson · CC0 · Wikimedia Commons

Quick facts about the trocaz pigeon

Weight
440 g – 470 gsrc for Weight
Length
Not recorded
Lifespan
Not recorded
Diet
Frugivoresrc for Diet
Main food
Not recorded
Habitat
forestsrc for Habitat
Egg incubation
19.5 dayssrc for Egg incubation
Young per litter or clutch
1src for Young per litter or clutch
Lifestyle
Generalistsrc for Lifestyle
Migration
Sedentarysrc for Migration
Conservation status
Least Concern (IUCN)src for Conservation status
Countries on record
Not recorded

Where does the trocaz pigeon live?

Not recorded

What is the trocaz pigeon?

Quoted from WikipediaCC BY-SA 4.0

The trocaz pigeon, Madeira laurel pigeon or long-toed pigeon (Columba trocaz) is a pigeon endemic to the island of Madeira, Portugal. It is a mainly grey bird with a pinkish breast; its silvery neck patch and lack of white wing markings distinguish it from its close relative and probable ancestor, the common wood pigeon. Its call is a characteristic six-note cooing, weaker and lower-pitched than that of the wood pigeon. Despite its bulky, long-tailed appearance, this pigeon has a fast, direct flight.

A scarce resident breeder in laurisilva forests, the trocaz pigeon lays one white egg in a flimsy twig nest. Its numbers fell sharply after human colonisation of the Madeira archipelago, and it vanished altogether from Porto Santo Island. The major cause of its population decline was habitat loss from forest clearance, but hunting and nest predation by introduced rats were also contributory factors. Protection of the laurel forests and a ban on hunting have enabled numbers to increase, so that the species is no longer endangered.

From the Wikipedia article “Trocaz pigeon” (en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trocaz_pigeon&oldid=1346255318), by Wikipedia contributors, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0 (creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0). This block is kept separate from our own text.

Is the trocaz pigeon endangered?

The trocaz pigeon is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List: it is not currently at risk of extinction.

  1. LCLeast Concern
  2. NTNear Threatened
  3. VUVulnerable
  4. ENEndangered
  5. CRCritically Endangered
  6. EWExtinct in the Wild
  7. EXExtinct

Category via Wikidata (CC0). Find the full assessment on the IUCN Red List. See all Least Concern species. What the categories mean.

How is the trocaz pigeon classified?

  1. kingdomAnimalia
  2. phylumChordata
  3. classAves
  4. orderColumbiformes
  5. familyColumbidae
  6. genusColumba
  7. SpeciesColumba trocaz Heineken, 1829

Synonyms Columba laurivora, Columba trocaz trocaz

Other names and names in other languages (45)
  • Long-toed pigeonEnglish
  • Madeira laurel pigeonEnglish
  • Madeira laurel-pigeonEnglish
  • TRPIEnglish
  • حمام التروكازArabic
  • حمام طويل الأصابعArabic
  • Мадейрански гълъбBulgarian
  • Kudon MadeiraBreton
  • colom de MadeiraCatalan
  • holub madeirskýCzech
  • colomen TrocazWelsh
  • MadeiradueDanish
  • Madeira-dueDanish
  • SilberhalstaubeGerman
  • madejra kolomboEsperanto
  • Paloma de MadeiraSpanish
  • madeira loorberituviEstonian
  • madeirankyyhkyFinnish
  • Pigeon trocazFrench
  • Colm fadladhrachIrish
  • יונה ארוכת-אצבעותHebrew
  • madeirski golubCroatian
  • madeirai babérgalambHungarian
  • LaufdúfaIcelandic
  • Colomba di MaderaItalian
  • マデイラバトJapanese
  • madeirinis karvelisLithuanian
  • Madeiras balodisLatvian
  • TrocazduifDutch
  • gołąb maderskiPolish
  • pombo-da-madeiraPortuguese
  • Pombo-trocazPortuguese
  • Мадейрский вяхирьRussian
  • Мадейрский голубьRussian
  • Серебристошейный голубьRussian
  • MadeiraduvváNorthern Sami
  • holub trokazSlovak
  • madeirski golobSlovenian
  • Maderski golubSerbian
  • madeiraduvaSwedish
  • Madeira GüverciniTurkish
  • голуб мадерійськийUkrainian
  • 長趾鴿Chinese
  • 长趾鸽Chinese
  • 馬德拉長趾鴿Chinese

Catalogue of LifeWikipediaiNaturalistWikidataIUCN Red List

Relatives of the trocaz pigeon

Other species in the same genus Columba.

LC, Least Concern
Rock dove (Columba livia)

Rock dove

Columba livia

Columbidae

LC, Least Concern
Stock dove (Columba oenas)

Stock dove

Columba oenas

Columbidae

LC, Least Concern
Snow pigeon (Columba leuconota)

Snow pigeon

Columba leuconota

Columbidae

LC, Least Concern
Hill pigeon (Columba rupestris)

Hill pigeon

Columba rupestris

Columbidae

CompareTrocaz pigeon vs Rock doveTrocaz pigeon vs Common wood pigeonTrocaz pigeon vs Stock doveTrocaz pigeon vs Snow pigeon

Common questions

Answered only where our data holds the answer.

How big is the trocaz pigeon?

An adult trocaz pigeon weighs 440 g – 470 g, according to values recorded on Wikidata.

Is the trocaz pigeon endangered?

The trocaz pigeon is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List, meaning it is not currently at risk of extinction.

What kind of animal is the trocaz pigeon?

The trocaz pigeon (Columba trocaz) belongs to the family Columbidae in the order Columbiformes.

Sources and how to cite this page

Data as of 2026-11-11. How this page is put together.

Embed a card for this animal on your own site

Copy this code. The card shows the photo with its credit, key facts and a link back to this page.

Preview the card

APA

CreatureData. (2026). Trocaz pigeon (Columba trocaz). Retrieved from https://creaturedata.com/animals/trocaz-pigeon

MLA

“Trocaz pigeon (Columba trocaz).” CreatureData, 2026, https://creaturedata.com/animals/trocaz-pigeon.

BibTeX
@misc{trocaz_pigeon_2026,
  title = {Trocaz pigeon (Columba trocaz)},
  author = {{CreatureData}},
  year = {2026},
  url = {https://creaturedata.com/animals/trocaz-pigeon},
  note = {Data as of 2026-11-11}
}